二分搜索分为三种,搜索一个数找不到就返回-1的,搜索左边界的,搜索右边界的。
先看循环条件:
搜索一个数的话,left <= right
搜索边界的话,left < right
核心情况在于nums[mid] == target
搜索一个数的话,返回mid
搜索左边界,right = mid
搜索右边界,left = mid + 1
返回值要注意的就是
搜索左边界,返回left或right
搜索右边界,返回left - 1或right - 1
// 搜索一个数
int binarySearch(int[] nums, int target) {
int left = 0;
int right = nums.length - 1; // 注意
while(left <= right) {
int mid = (right + left) / 2;
if(nums[mid] == target)
return mid;
else if (nums[mid] < target)
left = mid + 1; // 注意
else if (nums[mid] > target)
right = mid - 1; // 注意
}
return -1;
}
// 搜索左边界
int left_bound(int[] nums, int target) {
if (nums.length == 0) return -1;
int left = 0;
int right = nums.length; // 注意
while (left < right) { // 注意
int mid = (left + right) / 2;
if (nums[mid] == target) {
right = mid;
} else if (nums[mid] < target) {
left = mid + 1;
} else if (nums[mid] > target) {
right = mid; // 注意
}
}
return left;
}
// 搜索右边界
int right_bound(int[] nums, int target) {
if (nums.length == 0) return -1;
int left = 0, right = nums.length;
while (left < right) {
int mid = (left + right) / 2;
if (nums[mid] == target) {
left = mid + 1; // 注意
} else if (nums[mid] < target) {
left = mid + 1;
} else if (nums[mid] > target) {
right = mid;
}
}
return left - 1; // 注意
}